Static routing occurs when you manually add routes in each router's routing table. There are advantages and disadvantages to static routing, but that's true for all routing processes.

Static routing has the following advantages:

· There is no overhead on the router CPU.

· There is no bandwidth usage between routers.

· It adds security because the administrator can choose to allow routing access to certain networks only.

Static routing has the following disadvantages:

· The administrator must really understand the internetwork and how each router is connected in order to configure routes correctly.

· If a network is added to the internetwork, the administrator has to add a route to it on all routers—manually.

· It's not possible in large networks because maintaining it would be a full-time job in itself.

Command syntax for static route:

ip route [destination_network] [mask] [next-hop_address or exit_interface][administrative_distance] [permanent]

ip route :The command used to create the static route

Destination network: The network you're placing in the routing table

Mask The subnet mask being used on the network

Next-hop address:The address of the next-hop router that will receive the packet and forward it to the remote network.

exit interface Used in place of the next-hop address if you want, and shows up as a directly connected route.

administrative_distance By default, static routes have an administrative distance of 1 (or even 0 if you use an exit interface instead of a next-hop address).

permanent Keyword (Optional) Without the permanent keyword in a static route statement, a static route will be removed if an interface goes down. Adding the permanent keyword to a static route statement will keep the static routes in the routing table even if the interface goes down and the directly connected networks are removed.

Default Routing:

Default routing is used to send packets with a remote destination network not in the routing table to the next-hop router. You should only use default routing on stub networks—those with only one exit path out of the network.

How to configure Default routing on Cisco router :

Configuration:

            PC0: IP address 10.0.0.2 Subnet mask 255.0.0.0 Default Gateway 10.0.0.1

            PC0: IP address 30.0.0.2 Subnet mask 255.0.0.0 Default Gateway 30.0.0.1

1841 Router 0:

                                         Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/no]: no

Press RETURN to get started!

Router>

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname R1

R1(config)#banner motd # Unauthorized access is prohibited #

R1(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0

R1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#

R1(config)#interface serial 0/0/0

R1(config-if)#ip address 20.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000

R1(config-if)#bandwidth 64

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#

R1(config)#ip route 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 20.0.0.2

R1(config)#

30.0.0.0 = destination network.

255.0.0.0 = subnet mask.

20.0.0.2 = next-hop address.

2621XMRouter1:

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname R2

R2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

R2(config-if)#ip address 30.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#

R2(config)#interface serial 0/0

R2(config-if)#ip address 20.0.0.2 255.0.0.0

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 20.0.0.1

R2(config)#

10.0.0.0 = Destination network

255.0.0.0 =Subnet mask

20.0.0.1=Next hop IP

how to Static Route configure on Cisco router:

We will use four different series router

A static route is a manually configured route on your router. Static routes are typically used in smaller networks and when few networks or subnets exist, or with WAN links that have little available bandwidth. With a network that has hundreds of routes, static routes are not scalable, since you would have to configure each route and any redundant paths for that route on each router.

1841 Series Router0 (R1)
	FastEthernet0/0	Serial0/1/0
IP address	10.0.0.1	20.0.0.1
Connected With	Pc0	R2 on Serial 1/0

2620XM Series Router1 (R2)
	FastEthernet0/0	Serial1/0
IP address	30.0.0.1	20.0.0.2
Connected With	R3 on FastEthernet0/0	R1 on Serial 0/1/0

2621XM Series Router0 (R3)
	FastEthernet0/0	Serial1/0
IP address	30.0.0.2	40.0.0.1
Connected With	FastEthernet0/0	R4 on Serial 1/0

2811 Series Router0 (R4)
	FastEthernet0/0	Serial1/0
IP address	50.0.0.1	40.0.0.2
Connected With	Pc1	R3 on Serial 1/0

(1841Router0) Hostname R1:

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname R1

R1(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0

R1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#interface serial 0/0/0

R1(config-if)#ip address 20.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000

R1(config-if)#bandwidth 64

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to down

R1(config-if)#exit

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up

R1(config)#ip route 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 20.0.0.2

R1(config)#ip route 40.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 20.0.0.2

R1(config)#ip route 50.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 20.0.0.2

(2620XM-Router1) Hostname R2:

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname R2

R2(config)#interface serial 0/0

R2(config-if)#ip address 20.0.0.2 255.0.0.0

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0

R2(config-if)#ip address 30.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R2(config-if)#exit

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R2(config)#ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 20.0.0.1

R2(config)#ip route 40.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 30.0.0.2

R2(config)#ip route 50.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 30.0.0.2

(2620XM-Router2)Hostname R3:

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname R3

R3(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0

R3(config-if)#ip address 30.0.0.2 255.0.0.0

R3(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R3(config-if)#interface serial 0/0

R3(config-if)#ip address 40.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

R3(config-if)#clock rate 64000

R3(config-if)#bandwidth 64

R3(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down

R3(config-if)#exit

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up

R3(config)#ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 30.0.0.1

R3(config)#ip route 20.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 30.0.0.1

R3(config)#ip route 50.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 40.0.0.2

(2811Router3) Hostname R4:

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 40.0.0.2 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 50.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 40.0.0.1

Router(config)#ip route 20.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 40.0.0.1

Router(config)#ip route 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 40.0.0.1

PC-1:

PC>ipconfig

IP Address......................: 10.0.0.2

Subnet Mask.....................: 255.0.0.0

Default Gateway.................: 10.0.0.1

PC-2:

PC>ipconfig

IP Address......................: 50.0.0.2

Subnet Mask.....................: 255.0.0.0

Default Gateway.................: 50.0.0.1

Nothing but my learning and experience with NETWORK

Wednesday, 23 October 2013

Basic of static routing configure cisco router